Real-Time Maximum Intensity Projection

Information

• Publication Type: Technical Report
• Workgroup(s)/Project(s): not specified
• Date: April 1999
• Number: TR-186-2-99-09
• Keywords: angiography, Maximum Intensity Projection, Volume Visualization

Abstract

Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) is a volume rendering technique which is used to extract high-intensity structures from volumetric data. At each pixel the highest data value encountered along the corresponding viewing ray is determined. MIP is commonly used to extract vascular structures from medical MRI data sets (angiography). The usual way to compensate for the loss of spatial and occlusion information in MIP images is to view the data from different view points by rotating them. As the generation of MIP is usually non-interactive, this is done by calculating multiple images offline and playing them back as an animation.

In this paper a new algorithm is proposed which is capable of interactively generating Maximum Intensity Projection images using parallel projection and templates. Voxels of the data set which will never contribute to a MIP due to their neighborhood are removed during a preprocessing step. The remaining voxels are stored in a way which guarantees optimal cache coherency regardless of the viewing direction. For use on low-end hardware, a preview-mode is included which renders only more significant parts of the volume during user interaction. Furthermore we demonstrate the usability of our data structure for extensions of the MIP technique like MIP with depth-shading and Local Maximum Intensity Projection (LMIP).

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BibTeX

@techreport{Mroz-1999-ReaX,
  title =      "Real-Time Maximum Intensity Projection",
  author =     "Lukas Mroz and Andreas K\"{o}nig and Eduard Gr\"{o}ller",
  year =       "1999",
  abstract =   "Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) is a volume rendering
               technique which is used to extract high-intensity structures
               from volumetric data. At each pixel the highest data value
               encountered along the corresponding viewing ray is
               determined. MIP is commonly used to extract vascular
               structures from medical MRI data sets (angiography). The
               usual way to compensate for the loss of spatial and
               occlusion information in MIP images is to view the data from
               different view points by rotating them. As the generation of
               MIP is usually non-interactive, this is done by calculating
               multiple images offline and playing them back as an
               animation.  In this paper a new algorithm is proposed which
               is capable of interactively generating Maximum Intensity
               Projection images using parallel projection and templates.
               Voxels of the data set which will never contribute to a MIP
               due to their neighborhood are removed during a preprocessing
               step. The remaining voxels are stored in a way which
               guarantees optimal cache coherency regardless of the viewing
               direction. For use on low-end hardware, a preview-mode is
               included which renders only more significant parts of the
               volume during user interaction. Furthermore we demonstrate
               the usability of our data structure for extensions of the
               MIP technique like MIP with depth-shading and Local Maximum
               Intensity Projection (LMIP).",
  month =      apr,
  number =     "TR-186-2-99-09",
  address =    "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
  institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
               University of Technology ",
  note =       "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
  keywords =   "angiography, Maximum Intensity Projection, Volume
               Visualization",
  URL =        "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-ReaX/",
}